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| If you wear socks on your ears, you won’t be punished. Crossing a street against a red light is another matter - it’s against the law. Laws are __ 1____ rules made by governments. They keep peace and create order. ____ 2_____people break laws, their governments punish them. Long ago, people lived only in small tribal groups. They lived together, followed the same ____3____, and worshipped the same gods. There were no formal laws. ____4____, people were guided by their customs, morals, and religion. Over time, cities began to form. Laws became more formal and were written down in legal codes. In about 1750 BC, the king of Babylon ____5_____ one of the first legal codes, the Code of Hammurabi. It listed certain crimes and told how they should be punished. The ancient Romans helped shape our modern view of law. In the 600s BC, citizens of Rome wrote down all of their basic laws on twelve bronze tablets. The Romans declared that no citizen, ____6___ the ruler, was above the law. Modern law codes are root ed in the Roman system. Such law codes are statutory, meaning they are created and changed by legislatures, not by courts. Another system of law ___7___ later in England. Before the 12th century AD., each part of England had its own rules and customs. From the 12th century onward, England became a single nation. The courts of the land made sure people ___8___ a common set of customs-the English common law. Unlike the Roman system of law, the common law was never written down in one place. Instead, the courts made decisions about the law ___9___earlier court decisions. Those decisions are called examples. Each case must be decided in the same way as earlier cases. But if a case has some new aspects, the decision made will set a new example. That way, courts gradually change the law ___10___ society changes. | |||
| （ ）1. A. police （ ）2. A. Unless （ ）3. A. laws （ ）4. A. Instead （ ）5. A. imagined （ ）6. A. except for （ ）7. A. took effect （ ）8. A. formed （ ）9. A. set about （ ）10.A. before |
B. political |
C. official C. Though C. action C. Besides C. created C. in addition to C. got over C. presented C. came to C. despite |
D. officer |