◎ 题干
_____ a written permission, he had to write another letter to the president of the university.
[     ]
A. Not giving
B. Not having been given
C. Having not given
D. Having not been given
◎ 答案
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◎ 解析
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◎ 知识点
    根据n多题专家分析,试题“_____ a written permission, he had to write another letter to the president of the university. [ ]A. Not giving B. Not having been given C. Having not given …”主要考查了你对  【现在分词的被动式】【现在分词的完成式】  等知识点的理解和应用能力。关于这些知识点的“档案”,你可以点击相应的链接进行查看和学习。