| 阅读理解。 |
| Every family with kids has seen its share of arguments, shouting and complaining. It turns out that all that conflict serves an important purpose in the development of children.Saying "no" followed by a bad temper, just may be an unavoidable part of growing up. And that's a good thing. These are the first steps toward independence. Even young children have to challenge their parents sometimes.  Studies have shown the following: Although stressful,conflict is beneficial for children. Learning to manage conflict is necessary for a child's development. Conflicts during the preschool years occur because children desire more attention than parents can or should give. If you understand why conflict occurs,it can minimize the conflicts between you and your children. Conflict is a child's attempt to develop a sense of self and how he or she learns to express his or her needs and ideas.Parents develop and drive this independence by putting children to the outside world both formally and informally. Conflict can grow out of different opinions or might just be a way to blow off steam (  发脾气). In rare situations, constant conflict between parents and chil  dren can indicate a deeper emotional problem.Consult your doctor if this seems to be your situation. It's important to offer your child choices, which should be determined by age and developmental level. The more responsible a child is, the more choices he or she gets in reward. You can threaten your child with punishment,but often offering a choice will better improve angry situations.nConsequences and rewards should have some meaning to your child. Often a child's adverse (敌对的) reaction when he or she hears the word "no" can be avoided by giving the child  an explanation as to why you have refused his or her request. |
| 1. The intended readers of this passage are _____. |
| A. doctors B. teachers C. parents D. children |
| 2. By saying "that's a good thing" in Paragraph 1, the author means _____. |
| A. children try being independent B. children behave politely C. parents control their feelings well D. parent  s understand their children |
| 3. If a 3-year-old boy challenges his parents angrily, according to studies, he may _____. |
| A. feel being overlooked by his parents B. get tired of staying at home C. be worried by the outside world D. want to avoid going to school |
| 4. In most cases, the conflict between parents and children _____. |
| A. leads to misunderstanding B. doesn't really mean a deep emotional problem C. is an important choice D. involves visiting doctors |
| 5. What can be concluded from the passage? |
| A. The more conflicts your family has,the better your child develops. B. Children enjoy giving their opinions by challenging their parents. C. Most parents would rather punish their children than reward them. D. Communication can reduce conflict between parents and children. |