Kong Zi，also called Confucius(551479 B．C.)，and Socrates(469399 B．C.)lived only a
hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is
interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas，
and how these ideas in turn，shaped their societies.
        Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars in Greece than in China.
The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek citystates were small and urban.The urban  environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical(激进的)than Confucius.Unlike
Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively.Thus，Socrates was able to be
more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom，and knowledge for its own sake.Confucius, on the other   hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went on to government service.
        Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life: “Do not do to others what  you would not want others to do to you.” He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had
more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart.Socrates focused on the
individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom.He believed that some had
more potential to develop their reason than others did.Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class
should rule the inferior(下层的) classes.
        For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern.For Confucius,
however, the family was the centre of society, with family relations considered much more important than
political relations.Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.