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Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution   小题1:   this problem is to put the drugs inside   小题2:   capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger (引发) this release, 小题3:   (include) changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with   小题4:   own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed   小题5:   could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light (NIR, 近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.
The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn’t new. Researchers  小题6:  the globe   小题7:  (develop) polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb either ultraviolet (UV, 紫外线) or visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV and visible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near the skin, 小题8:   the light can reach the capsule. NIR light   小题9:   (large) passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as a trigger.   小题10:   few compounds (化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.