| 阅读理解。 |
| By creating a distinctive username-and reusing it on multiple websites-you may be giving online marketers and scammers a simple way to track you. Four researchers from the French National Institute of Computer Science ( INRIA) studied over 10 million usernames-collected from public Google profiles, eBay accounts, and several other sources. They found that about half of the usernames used on one site could be linked to another online profile, potentially allowing marketers and scammers to build a more complex picture of the users. "These results show that some users can be profiled (勾勒轮廓) just from their usernames," says Claude Castelluccia, research director of the security and privacy research group at INRIA, and one of the authors of a paper on the work. "More specifically, a profiler could use usernames to identify all the profiles that belong to the same user, and then use all the information contained in these sites to profile the victim." Those who have more unique usernames are more likely to be attacked. The INRIA researchers have created a tool that can check how unique a username is, and thus how easily an attacker could use it to build a profile of a person. Researchers are exploring ways that the traces of data that people leave on different websites could be combined and used to track them. A 2010 paper showed that the online groups to which people belonged could be used to infer their real identity in 42 percent of cases. Building profiles of consumers using online information has already become a major industry for marketers as well as online criminals. |
| 1. What, would be the best title for the passage? |
| A. Look out for online criminals B. Your username may betray you C. Don't ]eave your traces online D. A unique username is more attractive |
| 2. Online marketers may use your username to ____. |
| A. get a picture of yours B. steal from your online account C. get useful information about you D. find out your interest or hobbies |
| 3. The main purpose of the passage is probably to ____. |
| A. warn us of the possible dangers of a unique username B. tell us how to manage our online information C. advise us on how to choose a proper username D. tell us the importance of a username |
| 4. We can infer from the passage that ____. |
| A. it's hard to build a profile of a person from a username online B. it's better to use a more complex username online C. a username online has little to do with the real person D. we'd better not use the same username on different sites |
| 5. The underlined word "scammers" in Paragraph l most probably means ____. |
| A. friends B. criminals C. victims D. salesmen |