| 春秋战国时期，我国思想界异常活跃。概述这种文化现象的突出特征，并分析形成这种文化现象的社会原因。 |
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| 儒家思想在今天东亚、东南亚一些国家仍被广泛推崇，新加坡甚至用儒家思想来治国。有人认为，儒学的本质是消极的、保守的，中国社会要进步，必须彻底“打倒孔家店”。有人认为，儒学的思想原则有积极健康的一面，如“刚健有为”、“和与中”、“崇德利用”、“天人协调”等，是中国传统文化的基本精神所在。也有人认为，传统儒学可以实现现代化的转化。分析以上观点，结合相关知识阐述你对于儒学的现代价值的观点。 |
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| 儒家思想作为中国两千多年的正统思想，它的地位是如何得以确立的？你是怎样认识中国传统文化这一发展历程的？对于儒家思想的“独尊”现象，你作何理解？试简要分析。 |
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| 儒家学说在汉武帝时代被确立为正统思想，在此后的发展过程中，不断受到各个思想流派的冲击，至北宋时形成了一套新的儒学思想体系——理学。在此进程中，儒学一直是教育的主要内容。试结合相关内容归纳指出汉武帝时期的教育政策有何特点？到北宋时期发生了什么变化？分析变化的原因。 |
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| 汉代以后，作为正统思想的儒学在冲击与吸纳的过程中不断更新，至北宋时形成理学，成为宋明时期的官方哲学。西方学者一般将宋明理学称为“新儒学”（Neo—Confucian—ism）。试结合相关知识简析与传统儒学相比，“新儒学”新在何处？ |
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| 王阳明说：“朱子所谓格物云者，在即物而穷其理也。即物穷理，是就事事物物求所谓定理者也。”又说：“心即理也，天下又有心外之事，心外之理乎？”根据上述材料结合史实说明王阳明的心学与朱熹理学的异同。针对心学维护封建君主专制制度的言论，明清时期的进步的思想家进行了哪些批判？反映了哪些问题？ |
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| 儒家思想是中国传统文化的内核，也是维护君主专制统治的理论基础。但明清之际儒学的文化地位和历史价值在中国走向近代化的历史进程中受到质疑。试从儒学自身角度分析：儒学在中国传统文化中取得主导地位的原因以及明清之际进步思想形成的社会背景。 |
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| 春秋战国时期我国文化繁荣，试分析文化繁荣的原因及其对后世的影响。 |
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| 自隋唐以来科举制度就成为封建王朝的主要选官制度。对此，唐太宗说：“天下英雄，入吾彀（喻牢笼，圈套）中”。顾炎武说：“八股之害……败坏人才”。康有为说：“变法之道……莫先于改科举。”试结合儒学的发展简述科举制度在我国发展演变的过程。分析三人言论的社会背景和目的。你怎样评价科举制度？ |
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| 中国古代科技发展的原因是什么？为什么后来衰落了？（提示：可以从政治、经济、文化传统、思想、对外和民族交流、科学家个人角度去分析。） |
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| 简要说明西方近代科技相比，中国古代科技发展的特点。 |
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| 简述什么是文人画？起主要的代表人物有哪些？ |
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| 什么是书法？中国的书法有哪几种主要的字体？ |
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| 明清时期文学的主要表现形式是什么？主要的代表作品有那些？艺术性和思想性结合最好的是那一部？ |
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| 简要分析唐诗兴盛的原因？ |
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| 你如何看待中国古代科技文化？ |
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| 比较中国资产阶级维新变法运动和辛亥革命在性质、手段、结果方面的不同。 |
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| 为什么说新文化运动是一场思想解放运动？ |
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| 简述“问题与主义之争”及其影响。 |
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| 概述马克思主义在中国传播的历史必然性。 |
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| 近代中国向西方学习可以划分为那几个阶段？简介其代表人物、内容特征以及特点。 |
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| 孙中山的新三民主义成为国共合作的政治基础，为开创反帝反封建的革命新局面做出了巨大贡献。简析新三民主义与和“联俄、联共、扶助农工”三大政策的关系。 |
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| 1912年，孙中山曾说：“今日满清退位，中华民国成立，民族、民权两主义俱达到，惟有民生主义尚未着手，今后虽人所当致力的即在此事。”你是否同意他的说法？结合相关史实加以说明。 |
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| 中共七大上通过的《中国共产党党章》中指出：“中国共产党，以马克思列宁主义的理论与中国革命的实践之统一的思想——毛泽东思想，作为自己一切工作的指针，反对任何教条主义或经验主义的偏向。”邓小平在《对起草〈关于建国以来党的若干历史问题的决议〉的意见》中说“不仅今天，而且以后，我们都要高举毛泽东思想的旗帜”。结合所学知识，概述毛泽东思想形成与发展的过程。谈谈你对毛泽东思想的认识。 |
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| 实事求是是毛泽东思想的灵魂，举例说明实事求是与毛泽东思想的关系。 |
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中共“十六大”通过的《中国共产党章程》中指出：“中国共产党以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想邓小平理论和三个代表重要思想作为自己的行动指南。” 据此回答： |
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| 结合相关知识简析“三个代表”重要思想提出的背景、内容和理论和实践意义。 |
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| 江泽民在中共“十五大”报告中总结20世纪的中国革命进程时说：“一个世纪以来，中国人民在前进的道路上经历了三次历史性的巨大变化，产生了三位站在时代前列的伟大人物：孙中山、毛泽东、邓小平。” 请回答： （1）20世纪中国经历的三次历史性巨大变化分别是指什么？ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ （2）与时俱进、理论创新是三位思想巨人的共同特点，试分别举例说明。 _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ （3）历史表明，只有中国共产党最坚决最忠实的继承了孙中山的革命事业，“为革命的三民主义之发展而奋斗”。请举出中国共产党在新民主主义革命时期和新中国向社会主义过渡埋藏的重大典型事例，概括说明中国共产党在“民族”“民权”“民生”方面继承和发展了孙中山先生的“革命的三民主义”。 _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ （4）以这三位思想为核心所形成的重大思想理论成果，对中国革命和建设起了怎样的作用？ |
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| 旧中国体育运动落后，中国人被西方列强嘲笑为“东亚病夫”。2001年7月，北京申奥成功，取得了 2008年夏季奥运会主办权。中国以不可阻挡的步伐向世界体育强国迈进。简述我国从“东亚病夫”到确立世界体育大国地位的历程。查阅资料，结合相关知识写一篇以《北京2008》为题目的随感。 |
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| 一定的文化是一定社会的政治和经济的反应，同时又影响和作用于一定社会的政治和经济。试结合新中国成立以来，文化事业的发展历程，谈一下你对这一观点的看法。 |
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| 江泽民同志在党的十四大报告中指出“科技进步、经济繁荣和社会发展，从根本上说取决于提高劳动者的素质，培养大批人才。”请结合相关知识谈一下你对教育与社会发展的关系和认识。 |
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| 1995年，中共中央、国务院做出《关于加强科学技术进步的决定》，明确提出实施科教兴国战略。简析科教兴国战略提出的意义及其在实施过程中中国教育事业取得的成就。 |
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| 1978年以来，邓小平多次提出“科学技术是生产力”、“科学技术是第一生产力”的论断。结合相关知识，谈谈你对此的理解。 |
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| 简述改革开放以后，中国科学技术的发展历程及取得的成就。 |
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| 当前我国正在进行的基础教育课程改革的内容之一，就是对于高考制度的改革。作为一名与高考制度息息相关的高中生，结合实际谈一下你对于这个问题的认识。 |
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| 14-16世纪欧洲出现了人文主义运动。回答： （1）这是一场什么性质的运动？其主要目的是什么？ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ （2）它首先在那里爆发？后来扩展到那些国家？ _________________________________________________________________________________________ （3）它产生了怎样的历史影响？ |
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| 如何理解古希腊的智者运动？它产生的历史背景是什么？ |
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| 14—18世纪，欧洲先后出现两次思想解放运动的进步潮流，并且影响深远。据此回答： （1）这两次思想解放潮流的发源地或中心在哪里？ _________________________________________________________________________________________ （2）分析这两地成为思想解放潮流的发源地或中心的历史原因？ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ （3）试举例说明这两次思想解放潮流推动下的政治运动。 |
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| 17、18世纪的欧洲的历史继承了14—16世纪的巨大转折和变化，向着更为深广的方向发展。结合所学知识，回答下列问题： （1）14—16世纪“巨大转折”的含义。 _________________________________________________________________________________________ （2）概括这些“巨大转折向着更为深广方向发展“在18世纪法国思想界的主要表现。 |
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| 14世纪欧洲文艺复兴兴起的历史背景是什么？ |
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| 18世纪欧洲启蒙运动兴起的历史条件有哪些？ |
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| 物理学在近代取得那些突出的成就？ |
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| 简述是哪些原因推动了世界近代科学技术发展。 |
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| 近代生命科学研究领域有那些重大成果？ |
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| 简述进化论的背景、主要内容和影响？ |
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| 第一次工业革命对人类社会产生的影响有那些？ |
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| 第二次工业革命和第一次工业革命相比有什么特点？ |
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| 简述本节的科技发明是怎样改变了我们的“时空”的？ |
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| 自然科学的发展经历了哪几个阶段？各个阶段的主要表现是什么？ |
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| 近代自然科学发明的过程给我们那些启示？ |
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| 19世纪欧洲浪漫主义音乐的代表人物及其代表作品？ |
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| 19世纪欧洲批判现实主义文学的代表人物和代表作品？ |
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| 19世纪末20世纪初无产阶级文学创作有何发展？ |
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| 20世纪世界文化的发展特征、和影响是什么？ |
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| 19世纪上半叶，世界浪漫主义文学兴起的历史背景是什么？各国的代表人物及其代表作品？ |
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| 19世纪中叶，世界批判现实主义文学是怎样兴起的？ |
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